What does ENSO mean?

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate pattern that occurs across the tropical Pacific Ocean.
ENSO is characterized by periodic changes in Sea Surface Temperature (SST), trade winds, and atmospheric pressure.
The ENSO cycle consists of three phases: El Niño, La Niña, and the neutral phase.
El Niño is the warm phase of ENSO, while La Niña is the cool phase.

Note:
El Niño and La Niña are Spanish names that mean "the boy" and "the girl," respectively.
The name El Niño was first used by Peruvian fishermen to describe the warm ocean current that appeared off the coast of South America around Christmas time.
The name La Niña was later used to describe the opposite phase of the ENSO cycle.

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