What does ACID mean?

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (ACID) is a set of properties that guarantee the reliability and consistency of transactions in a database system, particularly in environments where multiple transactions may occur concurrently.

The four ACID properties are:
Atomicity ensures that a database transaction succeeds entirely or rolls back completely. In other words, it treats the transaction as a single, indivisible unit. If any part fails, the entire transaction is rolled back, leaving the database in its original state.
Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after each transaction. It means that all data modifications must adhere to defined rules, constraints, and relationships.
Isolation refers to the property of a database transaction that ensures that its execution is independent and unaffected by other concurrent transactions running concurrently in the system.
Durability ensures that the effects of committed transactions persist and are permanently written to the database even in the event of system failures, crashes, or power outages.

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